:root {
  --navy-900: #071A3A;
  --navy-800: #0C2B5E;
  --navy-700: #153C7A;
  --blue: #1F55D6;
  --blue-light: #9CC0FF;
  --sky: #EAF1FF;
  --sky-deep: #D6E4FF;
  --paper: #FFFFFF;
  --ink: #0E1A33;
  --muted: #4A5878;
  --rule: #D3DDF0;
  --serif: "Newsreader", Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  --sans: "Figtree", system-ui, -apple-system, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
  --wrap: 72rem;
}
* { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { scroll-behavior: smooth; scroll-padding-top: 5rem; }
body {
  margin: 0;
  background: var(--paper);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 1.0625rem;
  line-height: 1.65;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}
img { max-width: 100%; display: block; }
a { color: var(--blue); text-underline-offset: 3px; }
a:hover { text-decoration-thickness: 2px; }
a:focus-visible, summary:focus-visible, .btn:focus-visible {
  outline: 3px solid var(--blue); outline-offset: 3px; border-radius: 2px;
}
.skip { position: absolute; left: -999px; top: 0; background: var(--paper); color: var(--ink); padding: .6rem 1rem; z-index: 100; }
.skip:focus { left: 1rem; top: 1rem; }
.wrap { max-width: var(--wrap); margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 2rem; }

/* ---------- header ---------- */
.site-header { background: var(--navy-900); position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 50; border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(156,192,255,.18); }
.site-header .wrap { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 1.5rem; min-height: 4rem; }
.wordmark { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.35rem; font-weight: 500; color: #fff; text-decoration: none; letter-spacing: .01em; }
.site-header nav ul { list-style: none; display: flex; gap: 1.75rem; margin: 0; padding: 0; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.site-header nav a { color: #C9D8F5; text-decoration: none; font-size: .98rem; padding: .3rem 0; border-bottom: 2px solid transparent; }
.site-header nav a:hover { color: #fff; }
.site-header nav a[aria-current="page"] { color: #fff; border-bottom-color: var(--blue-light); }

/* ---------- hero and page heads ---------- */
.hero, .page-head {
  background-color: var(--navy-900);
  color: #fff;
  position: relative;
  isolation: isolate;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.hero { padding: 4.5rem 0 11.5rem; background-image: radial-gradient(60rem 40rem at 78% 40%, rgba(47,107,255,.22), rgba(7,26,58,0) 70%); background-size: auto; background-position: 0 0; isolation: isolate; overflow: hidden; }
.hero::after { content: ""; position: absolute; left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; height: 190px; z-index: -1; background: url("innovation.svg") 88% 50% / cover no-repeat; -webkit-mask-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, transparent, #000 30%); mask-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, transparent, #000 30%); pointer-events: none; }
.hero .wrap { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.25fr) minmax(0, .75fr); gap: 4rem; align-items: center; }
.hero h1 { font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 500; font-size: clamp(2.8rem, 6vw, 4.6rem); line-height: 1.02; letter-spacing: -.015em; margin: 0 0 1rem; }
.hero .title { font-size: 1.15rem; color: var(--blue-light); margin: 0 0 1.6rem; }
.hero .statement { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.4; max-width: 34rem; margin: 0 0 2.2rem; color: #E8EFFD; }
.portrait { position: relative; justify-self: end; width: min(100%, 24rem); }
.portrait img { position: relative; width: 100%; box-shadow: 0 24px 60px rgba(0,0,0,.4); aspect-ratio: 4 / 4.6; object-fit: cover; object-position: center 20%; }

.btn { display: inline-block; padding: .7rem 1.35rem; font-weight: 600; font-size: .98rem; text-decoration: none; border: 2px solid var(--blue); background: var(--blue); color: #fff; margin: 0 .6rem .6rem 0; }
.btn:hover { background: #2C65EE; border-color: #2C65EE; }
.btn.ghost { background: transparent; border-color: var(--blue-light); color: #fff; }
.btn.ghost:hover { background: rgba(156,192,255,.15); }
.btn.on-light.ghost { color: var(--blue); border-color: var(--blue); }
.btn.on-light.ghost:hover { background: var(--sky); }

.page-head { padding: 3.5rem 0 9.5rem; background-image: radial-gradient(50rem 28rem at 80% 30%, rgba(47,107,255,.2), rgba(7,26,58,0) 70%); }
.page-head::after { content: ""; position: absolute; left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; height: 130px; z-index: -1; background: url("innovation.svg") 88% 50% / cover no-repeat; -webkit-mask-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, transparent, #000 35%); mask-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, transparent, #000 35%); pointer-events: none; }
.page-head h1 { font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 500; font-size: clamp(2.3rem, 4.5vw, 3.3rem); line-height: 1.08; margin: 0 0 1rem; letter-spacing: -.01em; }
.page-head p { font-size: 1.15rem; max-width: 44rem; color: #DCE7FB; margin: 0; }

/* ---------- sections ---------- */
section.block { padding: 4rem 0; }
section.block.tint { background: var(--sky); }
h2 { font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 500; font-size: 2.1rem; line-height: 1.15; letter-spacing: -.01em; margin: 0 0 1.5rem; color: var(--navy-900); }
h3 { font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 600; font-size: 1.35rem; line-height: 1.25; margin: 0 0 .6rem; color: var(--navy-800); }
h4 { font-size: 1rem; font-weight: 700; margin: 1.6rem 0 .5rem; color: var(--navy-800); }
p { margin: 0 0 1.1rem; }
.prose { max-width: 40rem; }
.prose p { font-size: 1.08rem; }
.muted { color: var(--muted); }
.small { font-size: .93rem; }
sup { font-size: .7em; line-height: 0; }

/* home: about */
.about { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.5fr) minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 4rem; align-items: start; }
.facts { background: var(--sky); padding: 2rem; border-top: 4px solid var(--blue); }
.facts h3 { margin-top: 0; }
.facts dl { margin: 0 0 1.4rem; }
.facts dt { font-weight: 700; font-size: .95rem; margin-top: .9rem; color: var(--navy-800); }
.facts dd { margin: 0; color: var(--ink); }
.facts .scholar { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.15rem; margin: 1.4rem 0 0; padding-top: 1.1rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); }

/* recognition */
.recog { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 4rem; }
.press, .awards { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
.press li { padding: .95rem 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.press li:first-child { padding-top: 0; }
.press .outlet { font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 600; font-size: 1.2rem; color: var(--navy-800); }
.press .what { display: block; color: var(--muted); font-size: .96rem; }
.awards li { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 4.2rem 1fr; gap: 1rem; padding: .7rem 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.awards li:first-child { padding-top: 0; }
.awards .yr { font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 600; color: var(--blue); font-size: 1.1rem; }

/* research */
.themes > article { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 16rem) minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 3rem; padding: 2.4rem 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.themes > article:first-child { border-top: 0; padding-top: 0; }
.themes .links { margin: .6rem 0 0; font-size: .96rem; }
.themes .links a { display: inline-block; margin-right: 1rem; }
ol.papers, ul.items { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
ol.papers > li, ul.items > li { padding: 1.15rem 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); max-width: 50rem; }
ol.papers > li:target { background: var(--sky); box-shadow: -1rem 0 0 var(--sky), 1rem 0 0 var(--sky); }
.authors { color: var(--muted); font-size: .97rem; }
.title { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.25rem; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.3; display: block; margin: .15rem 0; color: var(--navy-900); }
.venue { font-size: .98rem; }
.venue em { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.05rem; }
.tags { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .45rem; margin-top: .6rem; }
.tag { background: var(--sky); font-size: .84rem; padding: .15rem .7rem; border-radius: 99px; color: var(--navy-800); }
.tag.feature { background: var(--navy-800); color: #fff; }
.tag.feature a { color: #fff; }
.filters { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; gap: .5rem; margin: 0 0 1.2rem; }
.filters button { font: inherit; font-size: .92rem; font-weight: 500; padding: .35rem .95rem; border: 1.5px solid var(--navy-700); background: transparent; color: var(--navy-800); cursor: pointer; border-radius: 99px; }
.filters button:hover { background: var(--sky-deep); }
.filters button[aria-pressed="true"] { background: var(--navy-800); color: #fff; border-color: var(--navy-800); }
.filters button:focus-visible { outline: 3px solid var(--blue); outline-offset: 2px; }
li[hidden] { display: none; }
.key { font-size: .92rem; color: var(--muted); margin: 0 0 1.2rem; }
.rows { margin: 0; }
.row { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 1.5rem; padding: .3rem 0; }
.row dt { margin: 0; }
.row dd { margin: 0; color: var(--muted); white-space: nowrap; font-size: .95rem; }
details { margin-top: 1rem; }
summary { cursor: pointer; font-weight: 600; color: var(--blue); }
.two { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 4rem; }

/* teaching */
.eval { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 2.5rem; margin-top: 2rem; }
.eval .num { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 3.6rem; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1; color: var(--navy-800); }
.eval .num small { font-size: 1.1rem; color: var(--muted); font-weight: 400; margin-left: .25rem; }
.eval p { margin: .7rem 0 0; font-size: .98rem; }
.track { position: relative; height: 6px; background: var(--sky-deep); margin-top: 1rem; }
.track > i { position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; bottom: 0; background: var(--blue); }
.track > b { position: absolute; top: -5px; bottom: -5px; width: 2px; background: var(--navy-900); }
.track-label { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; font-size: .78rem; color: var(--muted); margin-top: .35rem; }
.table-wrap { overflow-x: auto; }
table { border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: .98rem; }
th, td { text-align: left; padding: .75rem 1rem .75rem 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); vertical-align: top; }
th { font-size: .88rem; color: var(--muted); font-weight: 600; border-bottom: 2px solid var(--navy-800); }
td.score { font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 600; font-size: 1.15rem; color: var(--navy-800); white-space: nowrap; }
.course { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 16rem) minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 3rem; padding: 2rem 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.course:first-of-type { border-top: 0; padding-top: 0; }
.course p { max-width: 40rem; }
.exec { background: var(--navy-900); color: #fff; padding: 4.5rem 0; }
.exec h2, .exec h3 { color: #fff; }
.exec .grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.3fr) minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 4rem; }
.exec .blurb { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1.55; color: #E8EFFD; max-width: 38rem; }
.exec .panel { border-left: 3px solid var(--blue-light); padding-left: 1.8rem; }
.exec .panel dt { font-weight: 700; color: var(--blue-light); margin-top: 1.1rem; }
.exec .panel dt:first-child { margin-top: 0; }
.exec .panel dd { margin: .15rem 0 0; }
.exec a { color: var(--blue-light); }
.exec a.btn { color: #fff; }

/* footer */
.site-footer { background: var(--navy-900); color: #C9D8F5; padding: 3rem 0 2.5rem; font-size: .96rem; }
.site-footer .wrap { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 2rem; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.site-footer a { color: var(--blue-light); }
.site-footer .name { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.3rem; color: #fff; margin-bottom: .4rem; }
.site-footer .fine { width: 100%; border-top: 1px solid rgba(156,192,255,.2); padding-top: 1.2rem; font-size: .85rem; color: #9FB3D9; }

@media (max-width: 56rem) {
  .wrap { padding: 0 1.25rem; }
  .site-header .wrap { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; gap: .4rem; padding-top: .8rem; padding-bottom: .8rem; }
  .site-header nav ul { gap: 1.1rem; }
  .hero { padding: 3rem 0 3.5rem; }
  .hero .wrap, .about, .recog, .two, .exec .grid, .eval { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 2.5rem; }
  .portrait { justify-self: start; width: min(78%, 15rem); margin-right: .7rem; }
  .hero { overflow: hidden; }
  .themes > article, .course { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: .8rem; }
  .row { flex-direction: column; gap: 0; }
  .row dd { white-space: normal; }
  section.block { padding: 3rem 0; }
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) { html { scroll-behavior: auto; } }

/* executive education page */
.program { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.3fr) minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 4rem; align-items: start; }
.program .blurb { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1.55; max-width: 38rem; margin-bottom: 1.6rem; }
.panel-light { margin: 0; background: var(--paper); padding: 1.8rem 2rem; border-top: 4px solid var(--blue); }
.panel-light dt { font-weight: 700; color: var(--navy-800); margin-top: 1.1rem; }
.panel-light dt:first-child { margin-top: 0; }
.panel-light dd { margin: .15rem 0 0; }
@media (max-width: 56rem) { .program { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 2.5rem; } }

/* student voices */
.qrow { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 15rem) minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 3rem; padding: 2.2rem 0 .6rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--sky-deep); margin-top: 1.2rem; }
.qrow:first-of-type { margin-top: 3rem; }
.qrow h3 { margin-top: 0; }
.qrow figure { margin: 0 0 1.8rem; border-left: 3px solid var(--blue); padding-left: 1.5rem; max-width: 46rem; }
.qrow blockquote { margin: 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.25rem; line-height: 1.45; color: var(--navy-900); }
.qrow figcaption { margin-top: .6rem; font-size: .92rem; color: var(--muted); }
@media (max-width: 56rem) { .qrow { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: .6rem; } }

@media (max-width: 56rem) { .hero { padding-bottom: 9rem; } .hero::after { height: 130px; } .page-head { padding-bottom: 6.5rem; } .page-head::after { height: 100px; } }

.paper-feature { margin-top: .6rem; font-size: .98rem; }

/* Portrait: on narrower screens show the whole photo instead of a fixed-height crop */
@media (max-width: 70rem) { .portrait img { height: auto; aspect-ratio: 484 / 578; } }